SIMILARITY LAW OF FLUCTUATING PRESSURE WITHIN HYDRAULIC JUMP AREA

Through a series of model tests of five scales for 2-D free hydraulic jump, the da-ta of fluctuating pressure acting on the floor level within the hydraulic jump were obtained. Dur-ing the experiments, Froude number varied from 2.94 to 8.61, and Reynolds number rangedfrom 2×10~4 to 6×10~5. Experiment results indicate that the amplitude scale of fluctuating pres-sure is the length scale of model, i. e. P'=L, which agrees with gravity similarity law: Thefrequency scale of the fluctuating pressure is a unity i. e., f=1, which does not satisfy thegravity similarity law.     

国际微电子专用关键设备的现状和发展趋势（考察报告）

讲述了参观Ｓｅｍｉｃｏｎ／ｗｅｓｔ９４′展览会及考察美国和西德的５个公司、１所大学所了解到的投影光刻技术、电子束曝光技术、透镜面形测试技术的发展。     

NiTi形状记忆合金基本驱动特性

研究了预应变ＮｉＴｉ形状记忆合金的基本驱动特性，结果表明，加热和冷却过程回复力存在滞后行为；卸载过程中应力与应变具有与加热、冷却过程相关的非线性关系；卸尖力随卸载应变速率增加而降低，此外研究了预应变ＮｉＴｉ合金丝产生回复力后对外应力的响应行为。     

汛期采金船的缆绳牵拉

本文介绍了采金船渡汛时的停泊方向及采金船在洪水中可能产生拖曳力的估算方法，为了防止采金船汛期发生溜船事故，建议采用缆绳牵拉固船的措施，以保障采金船的汛期安全。     

Predicting the shape of organic crystals grown from polar solvents

A method for predicting the shape of organic crystals grown from polar solvents is presented. The model is an improvement of the recent method developed by Winn and Doherty (A.I.Ch.E. Journal 44 (1998) 2501) for predicting the shape of organic crystals grown from solvents in which the energy of adhesion at the interfaces is dominated by dispersive forces (e.g., non-polar solvents). The principal characteristic of the new method is that it can account for the role of hydrogen donor and hydrogen acceptor atoms in forming strong bonds at the interface. This technique is a first step towards predicting the shapes of organic crystals grown from polar solvents, and has been applied successfully to predict the shape of adipic acid grown from water, and succinic acid grown from water and from propanol.     

Interpersonal attraction and personality: What is attractive--self similarity, ideal similarity, complementarity or attachment security?

Little is known about whether personality characteristics influence initial attraction. Because adult attachment differences influence a broad range of relationship processes, the authors examined their role in 3 experimental attraction studies. The authors tested four major attraction hypotheses--self similarity, ideal-self similarity, complementarity, and attachment security--and examined both actual and perceptual factors. Replicated analyses across samples, designs, and manipulations showed that actual security and self similarity predicted attraction. With regard to perceptual factors, ideal similarity, self similarity, and security all were significant predictors. Whereas perceptual ideal and self similarity had incremental predictive power, perceptual security's effects were subsumed by perceptual ideal similarity. Perceptual self similarity fully mediated actual attachment similarity effects, whereas ideal similarity was only a partial mediator. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Suitable test structures for submicron ion beam analysis

For the precise determination of the sizes of submicron beam spots test structures with an excellent edge definition are required. For this purpose a semiconductor heterostructure consisting of an 1.62 μm GaInP epi-layer grown on (0 0 1) GaAs has been made, which provides atomically sharp edges for beam spot size measurements. Since the sample has been thinned down by standard transmission electron microscope (TEM) preparation techniques, it can be used for both PIXE and STIM. The sample has been investigated with a TEM and the ion nanoprobe LIPSION. A one-dimensional beam profile in the low current mode was determined by a STIM measurement using 2 MeV protons and yielded a FWHM of (41±4) nm, which is the smallest value reported so far for high energy nuclear micro- and nanoprobes. Furthermore we present nickel nanowhiskers produced at the GSI Darmstadt by electrochemical preparation of etched ion track membranes that have been used to obtain two-dimensional images of the shapes of submicron beam spots. For these measurements a scan over a single nickel nanowhisker having a diameter of 220 nm and a height of about 6 μm was performed.     

Quantity,controls and functions of large woody debris in Midwestern USA streams

Large woody debris (LWD) can increase stream habitat heterogeneity by providing structure, altering flow patterns, enhancing sediment deposition, forming pools and retaining organic matter. In North America, the role of LWD has been studied extensively in streams of mature forests (e.g. Pacific Northwest), but few studies have assessed LWD in streams of younger forests (e.g. Midwestern USA). Our objectives were to: (1) quantify the volume and abundance of LWD in a set of Midwestern streams; (2) evaluate possible factors influencing LWD quantity; (3) identify the functional roles of LWD; and (4) compare LWD levels in the upper Midwest to those elsewhere in North America. In 2002 and 2003, we measured LWD and geomorphological variables in 15 low‐gradient streams draining previously logged watersheds in the Upper Peninsula of Michigan. Mean (±SE) LWD volume (0.77 ± 0.12 m³ 100 m⁻²) and abundance (33 ± 3 pieces 100 m⁻¹) were 71% and 10% lesser, respectively, than in streams of similar gradient elsewhere in North America. Channel shape (width:depth ratio) explained 30% of the variation in LWD volume (multiple stepwise regression, P = 0.015) while LWD length and length:channel width combined, explained 72% of the variation in LWD density (multiple stepwise regression, P < 0.0001). About 50% of the LWD either stored sediment or stabilized banks and 14% of the LWD formed pools, although pool density was not significantly related to LWD volume or density. LWD levels, overall, were low in upper Midwestern streams, but the relative importance of that LWD to ecosystem function may be magnified in these wood‐poor systems. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

异形柱框架结构设计方法分析与参数控制

近年来,异形柱框架结构(框轻结构体系),因其能较好地满足建筑使用上和结构性能上的要求,而逐步得到了推广应用,并被列为建设部首批住宅建设新技术推荐目录。但异形柱框架结构设计目前还没有可依据使用的国家标准和行业标准。本文根据对江苏省地方标准《钢筋混凝土异形柱框架结构技术规程》(DB32/512-2002)的理解,结合笔者设计实践经验,提出个人看法,供同行参考。     

再论异重流和均质流动的一些相似关系

在对上层静止下层流动的异重流和均质明渠流之间相似关系研究的基础上，本文将这一成果推广，给出了上层流动下层静止的异重流和均质明渠流之间的一些相似关系，并将结果应用于二维重叠式排取水口的水深计算，结果与前人的实验一致。考虑到实际的重叠式排取水口都是三维的，所以本文利用前人的实验结果，进一步给出了三维重叠式排取水口高度及水深的计算方法，所得结果揭示了排水口温差水跃的形成机理和形成条件。